Tabulation and Data Analysis

Tabulation and Data Analysis

Table 1

Q1:-what do you prefer in reading?

S. No	Options	No of Respondents: 50	Percentage 100%
1.	Magazine	3	6%
2	Newspaper	39	78%
3	Books	8	16%
			100

This question was put to know the preference of respondents about the reading options. This would further ascertain the authenticity of the study regarding respondents.

The results were: 78% respondents read newspaper, while 6%reads magazine and 16 % reads books

Table 2

Q 2: Is print media still considered powerful as it was considered in 1990s?

S. No	Options	No of Respondents: 50	Percentage 100 %
1.	Yes	40	80%
2	No	8	16%
3	Don’t know	2	4%

The question was to know how the journalists compare the situation in nineties with today’s situation.

A majority of them i.e. 80% considers that print media is powerful. A minority, i.e. 16% replies in “No”, while 4% do not know and they had as if no opinion.

Table 3

Q 3: Which medium provide better information to people?

S.No	options	No of Respondents: 50	Percentage 100%
1	Newspaper	23	46%
2	Television	23	46%
3	Net	4%	8%

The question was to get information as to which media provides better information; this would again to see switching over of readership to different media. Switching over readership or use also affects the perceptions of journalists, because for a journalist readership interest is prime.

Here the situation is neck to neck as 46 % stands for newspaper while equal No of respondents are in favour of TV. While 8% say that internet provides better information.

Table 4

Q 4: Do you think newspaper circulation has decreased in 21^st century?

S. No	options	No of Respondents: 50	Percentage 100 %
1	Yes	8	16%
2	No	37	74%
3	Do not know	5	10%

The circulation is important as it shows income and also readership. These both are important which may affect the perception and behaviour of the journalists.

A majority (74%) thinks that circulation has not been affected while 16 % respondents are of opinion that circulation ahs decreased, while 10 percent have no idea about it.

Table 5

Q 5: Do you think new technologies are affecting the newspaper?

S. No	options	No of Respondents: 50	Percentage 100 %
1	yes	33	66%
2	no	15	30%
3	Don’t know	2	4%

The technologies affect the entire process of communication, which result into change in use, attitude of users and so also people working in the media or communication.

Majority of respondents (66%) have agreed, while 30% have disagreed regarding affects of news technologies on print media. A thin minority i.e. 4% do not know.

Table 6

Q 6: Which medium is dominant to print media?

S. No	options	No of Respondents: 50	Percentage 100%
1	Television	47	94%
2	Net	3	6%
3	Radio	00	00%

This question was to know specifically that which specific media was affecting print media.

It was the TV, as 94 % respondents were of this view, while 6% says that it was internet. Strangely enough effect of Radio on print has come as zero according to this study.

Table 7

Q 7: Why do people prefer electronic media than print media because of…….?

S. No	options	No of Respondents: 50	Percentage 100 %
1	Saving time	9	18%
2	Saving money	6	12%
3	Easy to access	35	70%

The question was to find out reason as to why people prefer electronic media over print.

A majority i.e. 70% think that due to easy access people prefer electronic media, while 18% said that for saving time, while 12 were of view that it was saving money.

Table 8

Q 8: Do people prefer to read newspaper on net?

S. No	options	No of Respondents 50	Percentage 100 %
1	Yes	7	14%
2	No	5	10%
3	sometimes	38	76%

As study shows that people were still inclined to read newspaper, but the question still remained that they prefer reading newspaper on net or hard printed copy as all the major papers were available on the internet, and access to net has also increased.

Study reveals that reading newspaper on net has increased. Though 14 % prefer to read newspaper on net, while 76% read newspaper on net some times, this means 90 % people are interested to read paper on net. However 10% still traditional copy of newspaper in printed form.

Table 9

Q 9: Which medium is preferred by new comer journalist now-a-days?

S. No	Options	No of Respondents 50	Percentage 100%
1	Print media	18	36%
2	Electronic media	27	54%
3	Online journalism	5	10%

This is very important question as it reflects the scope of different media and interest and preferences of new comer in these media. This would also show the change in perception.

A majority i.e. 54 % new comer prefer to join electronic media while 36% still want to their career in print media, while 10 percent want to join online journalism. Here electronic media means TV and radio.

Table 10

Q 10: What problems are faced by print media due to new technologies?

S. No	options	No of Respondents 50	Percentage 100 %
1	Readership	15	30%
2	Revenue	33	66%
3	Circulation	2	4%

The problems faced by a media affect the working, behaviour, performance, importance in society, income and perceptions of people working their. There are new challenges, new avenues etc also.

A majority i.e. 66% think that new technologies have affected the revenue while 30% think that they technologies have affected the readership while 4% are of view that it has affected circulation. When circulation that means paid copies, it again relates to revenue is added to revenue, the over all percentage of revenue effects increases to 70%. Likewise readership and circulation has close relationship. It means say and would also ultimately reflect into decrease of circulation.

Table 11

Q 11: What changes you have observed in print media in 21^st century?

S. No	options	No of Respondents 50	Percentage 100 %
1	Way of writing	20	40%
2	Lay out	20	40%
3	Lack of sincerity of journalists	10	20%

The question was to record monitor changes in print media in 21^st century, because these changes also change the perception of journalists.

40 respondents were of view that change in writing style and format have been observed, while equal number of respondents (40%) think that lay out has been affected as there were changes in it. However 20 percent say that they have witnessed lack of sincerity of journalists

Table 12

12: What type of changes should be applied for betterment of the content of newspaper?

S. No	options	No of Respondents 50	Percentage 100 %
1	Better lay out	10	20%
2	Variety of news	40	80%
3	branding	00	00%

This question was again to know the vision about betterment in the newspapers, and was put to forward suggestions.

The results were that 80% respondents were of the view that variety of news would improve the newspapers overall, while 20 were in improvement of layout.

Table 13

Q 13: Who to be blamed for falling standard of print media?

S. No	Options	No of Respondents 50	Percentage 100 %
1	Owners	38	76%
2	Journalists	10	20%
3	New technologies	2	4%

A majority (76%) holds owners responsible for falling standard of print media. However, 20 % think that the journalists were responsible for it. A thin minority has blamed new technologies.

Table 14

Q 14: Some people argued that “there is no scope of print media in 21^st century”?

S. No	options	No of Respondents 50	Percentage 100%
1	Agree	6	12%
2	Disagree	40	80%
3	Not sure	4	8%

The question was regarding future of print media, as future of any industry affects changes in the perception of concerned people.

80% disagreed with the question and they think print media has a future. However 12% agreed that print media has no future in 21^st century, while 8 % were not sure about it. If the third categories is put under first category who agreed that there is no future of print media even then the percentage stands as only 20 %.

Table 15

Q 15: Do you agree with this statement that “journalist has become more professional then integrity?

S. No	options	No of Respondents 50	Percentage 100%
1	Agree	38	76%
2	Disagree	7	14%
3	Not sure	5	10%

This was the core question of the study, which was directly put to the respondents to know their views while comparing the professionalism and integrity. Now-a-days professionalism and integrity are being counter posed by some critics.

A majority i.e. 76% agreed the statement that journalists have become more professional. However 14% have disagreed with the statement and 10 % were not sure about it.

Conclusion

After conducting this study, the researcher concluded that perceptions of journalists about print media in 21^st century are positive. There are changes due to electronic media and their coverage to issues and technologies. A number of factors were contributing to these changes.

This research is based on question that the credibility of print media is still remains in 21^st century.

The research reveals some differences in perception of journalists as 80% journalists said that today print media is as powerful as it was in 1990s.

Besides 66% journalists also accepted this fact that new technologies are affecting the newspapers.

A majority of respondents, i.e.94% journalist said television is dominating the print media.

60% respondents are of view that writing style and format of writing in newspapers have been changed.

A majority of respondents/ journalists i.e. 76% blame owners for falling standard of print media.

74% respondents/journalists agreed with this statement that journalism has become more profession than integrity.

The study further shows that 80% respondents/journalists wanted variety of news for improvement of newspapers.

80% respondents/journalists disagreed to this statement that there is no scope of print media.

In brief this study verifies the hypothesis true on the basis of facts and figures derived through scientific analysis.

Suggestions:

During this study researcher came across a number of questions which needed further and in depth study and research.

1. Which media provides better information, in case of Pakistan it is still to be measured?

2. How switching over of readership from one media to another was affecting the perception of journalists. Or how circulation and readership affect the perception

3. As technologies affects the entire process of communication, which result into change in use, attitude of users and so also people working in the media or communication this should be measured through research.

4. Switching over of readership of newspaper from printed copy to internet and its effects is another point which needs research

5. Why TV is choice as career by the new comer journalists.

6. What are the exact changes in perception of journalists have taken place after storm of TV and Online journalism, what are the exact reason for those changes.

7. What is professionalism to journalists?

Appendix

Key terms:

Journalism: To collect, verifying and present information regarding current events, trends and people.

Perception: the process and act of perceiving

BLOG: It is some sort of column, commentary on current topic published on website

Website: A collection of web pages images, video or other digital assets that is hosted on one or several web server

Main stream journalists: those who work regular in newspaper.

Newspaper: it is a publication containing news, information and advertising.

NPR: National Public Radio

Questionnaire